VISCOSITY OF BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS AND THEIR RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS, PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, AND MEASUREMENT METHODS
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Abstract
This article discusses blood viscosity, its physical and rheological properties, and the differences between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The behavior of blood as a non-Newtonian fluid and its relationship with its components - erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes, and plasma—are explained. Additionally, pathological conditions resulting from increased or decreased blood viscosity, including thrombosis, stroke, myocardial infarction, and hemorrhagic syndromes, are analyzed. The main methods for determining viscosity, such as the capillary viscometer, Hess viscometer, rotational viscometer, and Stokes method, are also reviewed.
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