MULTI-CRITERIA COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF URBAN TRANSPORT SOLUTIONS IN MODERN CITIES
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study compares seven alternative directions of urban transport policy: bus rapid transit (BRT), metro and light rail, congestion pricing, intelligent transport systems (ITS), walking and cycling infrastructure, bus electrification, and Mobility as a Service (MaaS). The alternatives are evaluated using a five-criterion, 1-10 scoring scale and a weighted-sum multi-criteria decision analysis model. The author’s analytical scenario assigns priority to capacity and environmental outcomes while also accounting for implementation speed, cost-effectiveness, and social acceptability. BRT ranks first with a weighted score of 7.70, followed by walking and cycling infrastructure with 7.30. An equal-weight control scenario preserves the same two leading positions. The findings indicate that the alternatives should be treated as a complementary policy portfolio rather than as mutually exclusive options. On this basis, the study proposes a phased reform model that integrates short-, medium-, and long-term measures. The assessment is diagnostic and should be recalibrated using local data and stakeholder preferences before it is applied to a specific city.
Article Details
References
1. United Nations. (2025). World Urbanization Prospects 2025: Summary of Results (UN DESA/POP/2025/TR/No. 12). United Nations. https://desapublications.un.org/publications/world-urbanization-prospects-2025-summary-results
2. Ardila-Gomez, A., Alves, B. B., & Moody, J. (2021). Decarbonizing cities by improving public transport and managing land use and traffic. World Bank. https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/dec35433d7ba89e18cf01a124bd8d059-0190062021/original/TDI-paper-Decarbonizing-Cities-by-Improving-Public-Transport-and-Managing-Land-Use-and-Traffic-October-2021.pdf
3. Institute for Transportation and Development Policy. (2024). The BRT Standard: 2024 edition. https://itdp.org/publication/the-brt-standard/
4. Adriazola-Steil, C., Ohlund, H., El-Samra, S., Targa, F., & Zayas, G. (2021). Investing for momentum in active mobility. World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/36617
5. World Bank. (2021). Electrification of public transport: A case study of the Shenzhen Bus Group. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/708531625052490238/pdf/Electrification-of-Public-Transport-A-Case-Study-of-the-Shenzhen-Bus-Group.pdf
6. International Transport Forum. (2021). Integrating public transport into Mobility as a Service. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/94052f32-en
7. World Bank & International Finance Corporation. (2024). Western Balkans Urban Mobility Initiative: Summary report. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099060624074022601/pdf/P50218110c3d8b08d19c2c1e8a0a6a19e1d.pdf
8. Broniewicz, E., & Ogrodnik, K. (2020). Multi-criteria analysis of transport infrastructure projects. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 83, 102351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102351
9. Broniewicz, E., & Ogrodnik, K. (2021). A comparative evaluation of multi-criteria analysis methods for sustainable transport. Energies, 14(16), 5100. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14165100
10. Rashidov, S., Khotamov, A., Kholbekov, S., Abdikhalilov, F., & Oltiyev, U. (2026, May). The use of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in evaluating the technical condition of buildings and structures. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 3447, No. 1, Article 070014). AIP Publishing.
11. Ciesla, M., Sobota, A., & Jacyna, M. (2020). Multi-criteria decision-making process in metropolitan transport means selection based on the sharing mobility idea. Sustainability, 12(17), 7231. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12177231
12. International Transport Forum. (2023). ITF Transport Outlook 2023. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/b6cc9ad5-en
13. Nazarov, A. A., et al. (2012). Organizatsiya avtomobilnykh perevozok passazhirov [Organization of passenger road transport] (Teaching manual). TAYI. 134 p.